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For a little bit of
self-indulgence and fun, I thought about my suburban garden here in the heart
of Andalucía and how, with a little foresight, it has progressed for the
wildlife it attracts.
The whole of our garden is
bare limestone rock and stratus steeply inclined westwards and sloping towards
the main house. We have an area terraced in 3 parcels for plants; these were
constructed several years ago and filled with topsoil. The only planting we
have done is some fruit trees in the higher terrace, leaving the others to grow
wild and then cleared in mid-summer. Of course the wild areas attract
seedeaters and provide cover for lizards and insects, the flowering plants are
a magnet for butterflies.
We have added a water
feature in the shape of 2 small ponds, although one is very small. Here in
Spain water attracts the birds more than the provision of food, I guess
elsewhere in Europe more gardens tend to put feeders out and birds have learnt
to visit those gardens, not so here. So the construction of the ponds and
stocking them with natural plants has certainly worked for aquatic life and has
been a huge success for Dragonflies and Damselflies, some 15 species have been
recorded and 13 of those have been seen ovipositing in the ponds. To date the
ponds have not been overly successful attracting many bird species, but there
have been enough for me to hold out hope for the future.
The only concession we
have made to the beautification of the garden is to add plants in pots around
the terraced areas, a bit of colour and indulges my wife’s love of plants. So
essentially it is a wild garden, bordered on the northern side by a neighbour,
but by open common land to the southern side. Of course the common land
provides habitat for a range of fauna and flora, worth mentioning are 8 species
of orchid we have discovered growing on this open area.
The limestone slope of
the garden has several wild figs growing whilst the rear bordering dry stone
wall is sheltered by the overhanging limbs of 3 large oaks (Quercus
rotundifolia), the leaf drop here provides a mulch as well as compost and many
small plants are able to take a tenuous hold on life here, including the indigenous
and colourful Antirrhinum majus (common snapdragon) is prolific during early
spring through to the end of June. Several thistle species thrive and of course
these attract Goldfinch and Greenfinch close to our house where we can view
them while sitting on the terrace with a beverage or two.
Garden wildlife has
produced one or two surprises, not least the appearance on two occasions of
adult female Spanish Ibex (Capra pyrenaica), we even had 2 adult females on the
roof of our house, which proved entertaining and expensive, as we had to
replace a few pantiles. Whilst in the garden on another occasion, I had 2
adults attempt to come over our high wall whilst looking at me in some gone-off
fashion as if I shouldn’t have been there. Not to be outdone, later in the same
week I had a doe Red Deer attempt the same thing. The dry stonewalls hold a small population of
Brown Rat and this attracts the odd visit of the nomadic Weasel; it really is great
fun to watch the busy antics of this mammal.
Of course I have an
interest in all aspects of nature, but life from a very early age has seen my
main interest focused on birds. I have been involved in the science of birds
for over 40 years, although loathe that I am to admit it as a sign of my age,
this is nearer to 50 years. So unsurprisingly I had set out to attract as many
birds as possible into our garden. The provision of water was the first task
followed by allowing areas of the garden to grow wild, only being controlled in
mid-summer. So far, if I am honest, I am a little disappointed with the lack of
regular visitors to our ponds other than the plentiful House Sparrow, Feral
Pigeon, Blackbird, Goldfinch and Serin, with Song Thrush and Black Redstart visiting
in winter. Frequent, but not daily visitors are Blackcap, Wren, Short-toed
Treecreeper, Great and Blue Tit, Sardinian Warbler, Greenfinch, Chaffinch and
Linnet. Odd birds have visited the margins of the ponds, not on a regular
basis, but nonetheless exciting for me to be able to record, these include
Booted Eagle (it took a Feral Pigeon from the side of the pond), Grey Wagtail, Woodchat
Shrike, Northern Wheatear, Orphean, Subalpine and Bonelli’s Warbler, Firecrest,
Cirl Bunting, Crested Lark with both Green Woodpecker and Great-spotted
Woodpecker.
The ponds are just one
aspect of a wildlife garden, planting or letting wild plants thrive gives a
ready source of both insect and seeds to attract birds, all my finch species
are regular visitors and these are joined in summer by Spotted Flycatcher, the
odd Cuckoo and the fleeting appearance of the master of ambush the Sparrowhawk,
no doubt attracted by the number of small birds frequenting the garden. Dense
foliage and grasses attract small rodent too and in turn this has seen frequent
visits to the garden by our local Little Owl with Tawny Owl also around during
the nights, we even hear Eagle Owl on occasions. During summer I often hear and
sometimes see Red-necked Nightjar hawking the sky above the garden and the
adjoining open common land.
Other wildlife
consists of an abundance of lizard species including the impressive Ocellated
Lizard (Timon Lepidus) sometimes referred to by the grand name of Jewelled
Lizard, frogs and toads, 42 species of Butterfly recorded so far, the odd snake
species, 9 species of bat and can’t resist to mention 138 species of bird seen
either in or above the garden.
So I finish with
saying that with just a little foresight, a little planning and lots of
patience you can establish your own wildlife garden and create your very own
private nature reserve and a small piece of paradise to boot.
Note for interest: Part of the garden taken during May 2018.
